Does Your Child still need a Rear Facing Car Seat?

courtesy of ADCAN

January / February 2010 newsletter

by Janinne Gardner

The District of Columbia and the States of Maryland (June 30, 2008) & Virginia (July 1, 2007) all require children be in a car seat or booster through age seven. On their eighth birthday they may begin using the car seat belts. Is this good enough, are your children safe? Interesting enough none of them have requirements for rear facing car seats. Traditionally we use an infant-only seat or a convertible in rear position until the baby is twenty pounds and over 1 year. Again, is your child safe?

Kathy Gutierrez a Car Seat Technician, Nanny & Mother, states an unequivocal, NO to both of these questions! At our November business meeting she educated us on car seat safety. She sites Pediatrics, a professional journal, who says a child under the age of two is 75% less likely to be killed or suffer severe injuries if they are riding in the rear facing position. Kathy also states she believes in the “laws of physics” not the State Law when it comes to the safety of her children and the children in her care. It seems the car seat manufacturers are catching on to this since convertible car seats have a rear facing maximum weight of at least 30/35 lbs and a few are 40/45 lbs. In Sweden, in contrast to the US, where children remain rear facing until they are between 3-5 years old they have substantially lower death and injury rates, about 1 to 2 a year. “Keeping the child at a rear facing position takes the force of an accident off the child’s spinal cord and neck. In a forward facing position the body is held back by the straps but the head is not. The head is thrust forward, stretching the neck and the spinal cord. In the rear facing position the head, neck and torso are cradled by the back of the safety seat in a frontal crash (SafetyBeltSafe USA). A human’s neck bones are not mature until between four and six years of age, spinal cord between 3 years and six years.

While legally your children are “allowed” to be in a vehicle seat belt at age eight most children should use a booster until between 10-12 years old so that the shoulder belt and the lap belt are the right fit for the best crash protection. A simple test will determine if your child is ready to be moved from a booster.

Does the child sit all the way back against the auto seat?
Do the child’s knees bend comfortably at the edge of the auto seat?
Does the belt cross the shoulder between the neck and arm?
Is the lap belt as low as possible, touching the thighs?
Can the child stay seated like this for the whole trip?

If your answer to any of the above questions was no, then you should keep your child in a booster seat (SafetyBeltSafe USA).

Kathy gave us some interesting facts to think about:
1. Car seats expire about every six years. A few have a life expectancy of seven or eight years. All car seats have a date that they were made, and should be retired when the instruction manual states. This is because plastic gets old and fails. Check out youtube.com and watch “car seat expiration”.
2. Your child has outgrown his rear facing car seat when he has reached the maximum weight stated by the manufacturer or his head is less then an inch from the top of the seat.
3. Newborns need to be at a 45 degree incline until they can sit up by themselves generally about 6 months.
4. When a child is strapped in, the straps should be tight enough that you can not pinch a horizontal line at the shoulders.
5. Mirrors in front of a rear facing child are dangerous unless they are soft. In the case of an accident the child could rebound into it and may be injured. The Mirrors could also become unattached (no matter how secure they seem) and injure the child or someone else.
6. Mighty Tight only stretches the seat belt, do not use. Your vehicle’s seat belt may need to be replaced if you have been using one.
7. Children in ill-fitting seat belts tend to ride in an incorrect position, either sliding forward to the edge of the seat or slouching downward. Some children are less likely to buckle up, perhaps because the auto seat and belts are not comfortable for them (SafetyBeltSafe USA).
8. In the case of an accident your car seats should be replaced, Britax car seats have a few exceptions (see your manual). Your insurance company should pay for the replacement because it is required to drive your child.
9. Car seats & vehicles have a 40 or 48 lb weight limit on LATCH system. This means if your child weighs 50lbs you will need to use the car’s seat belt to install his car seat. However if your car seat has the new super latch & the car was manufactured after Sept 2005 then you can use latch up to the usable weight of the car seat manufacturer. So in this case if you have a 50lb child and your car seat and car match the criteria for a super latch you may use the LATCH system until the child weights the maximum for the car seat.

I hope this has given you something to think about. It has certainly made me think. I know you are thinking, “my child is uncomfortable sitting rear facing, his legs will be bunched up, what if he breaks his legs” or “my 9 year old will rebel and I can’t make him use a booster when everyone in his class doesn’t.” or “I have driven children for years and never had a problem.”

If you are hesitant to put your two year old back in rear facing he will figure out a way to be comfortable, she will generally cross her legs or put them up on the back seat. Actually with rear facing she will be able to retrieve fallen object much easier making it a less stressful trip with toys and cup falling on the floor, rear facing it will fall in her lap. Go to http://www.cpsafety.com/ for some pictures of rear facing older children. As for her legs breaking: there is no documented case of a rear facing child damaging their legs, hips or internal organs. However the most common injury for forward facing is broken legs (2), and a chance of so much more. If you still don’t believe go to www.joelsjourney.org and just read.

As for the nine year old, safety issues are non-negotiable. You wouldn’t allow him to ride his bike on the highway! Choices regarding his car seat safety are just as important and should not be up to him. Try using a small backless booster that can not be seen from outside the car. This will help position the car seat belt correctly while being less obvious. We can only change the acceptance of this one child at a time.

As for being lucky and never having a problem, great! Just don’t play Russian Roulette with her life. Okay at some point in writing this it has become less about describing our meeting and more about convincing you. I am not sure at what point I became a firm believer, probably between YouTube and JoelsJourney however, I feel as though I have so little control driving around the DC area. I guess I feel that in the car is one place I do have control and if rear facing until four or boosters until ten just helps for that one second…Great! If you would like more information on car seat installation please contact Kathy Gutierrez at kegutierrez@yahoo.com or read her blog, http://www.carseatnanny.blogspot.com/.


SafetyBeltUSA PO Box 553, Altadena, CA 91003; http://www.careseat.org/ 310-222-6860/ 800-745-SAFE
http://carseatqueen.com/rf.aspx